西城故事 | |
West Side Story | |
上演地點 | 百老匯 (1957年9月26日—1959年7月27日) 倫敦西區劇院 |
語言 | 英語 |
演出場次 | 百老匯:1385場(1980年止) |
製作 | 哈洛·普林斯 羅伯·葛利斯菲 |
編劇 | 亞瑟·勞倫茲 |
導演 | 傑洛姆·羅賓斯 |
音樂 | 李奧納多·伯恩斯坦 |
作詞 | 史蒂芬·桑坦 |
編舞 | 傑洛姆·羅賓斯 |
《西城故事》(West Side Story)是一部美國戲劇作品,最早以音樂劇形式在百老匯和倫敦西區劇院上演,之後經過改編拍成電影並獲得多項奧斯卡金像獎殊榮,並成為最著名的歌舞片之一。
《西城故事》的內容改編自莎士比亞著名的愛情悲劇《羅密歐與朱麗葉》,描寫兩位相互愛戀,卻身處敵對團體的少男少女如何跨出兩者間的鴻溝,卻又不幸失敗的故事。但不同於莎士比亞原著中的異國浪漫情懷,該劇無論在背景與劇情上,都以當時的紐約移民社群為參考,使描述故事的過程充滿了現實與諷刺的意味,這多少也反映出戰後美國社會快速成長的背後,所隱藏的種種問題:種族歧視、青少年犯罪、暴力和文化代溝。
創作起源[編輯]
早在1949年,著名的百老匯編舞家傑洛姆·羅賓斯(Jerome Robbins)與著名音樂家李奧納多·伯恩斯坦(Leonard Bernstein)開始計畫將莎士比亞名劇《羅密歐與茱麗葉》改編成現代音樂劇,於是找來名劇作家亞瑟·勞倫斯(Arthur Laurents)參與作品編著。當時三人的構想是描述在曼哈頓城東區一位猶太裔少女與名義大利籍青年的激情熱戀,並定名為《東城故事》(East Side Story)。然而隨著兩個族群間的衝突逐漸減少,以及題材類似的音樂劇《愛爾蘭之花》(Abie's Irish Rose)率先上演的影響,這個計畫不得不暫時擱置下來。
1954年,伯恩斯坦在好萊塢再度與勞倫斯意外相遇。兩人談到多年前擱置的創作計畫,伯恩斯坦想到近來拉丁美洲裔移民群暴力衝突不斷,便決定將之前的故事背景移到林肯中心一帶的波多黎各移民社區,並改名為《西城故事》。於是,新的音樂劇創作於焉開始。
當時,伯恩斯坦正忙於另一部作品:《憨第德》(Candide)的創作工作,無暇分出精力為《西城故事》作詞。於是年方25歲的史蒂芬·桑坦(Stephen Sondheim)接手了撰詞的工作。在這群才華洋溢的藝術家合作下,《西城故事》於1957年完成該劇的創作和排練。
West Side Story | |
---|---|
Music | Leonard Bernstein |
Lyrics | Stephen Sondheim |
Book | Arthur Laurents |
Concept | |
Productions | 1957 Washington, D.C. 1957 Philadelphia 1957 Broadway 1958 West End 1959 US tour 1960 Broadway revival 1964 Broadway revival 1974 West End revival 1980 Broadway revival 1984 West End revival 1985 US tour 1995 US tour 1998 West End revival 2009 Broadway revival 2010 US tour 2020 Broadway revival |
West Side Story is a musical conceived by Jerome Robbins with music by Leonard Bernstein, lyrics by Stephen Sondheim, and a book by Arthur Laurents.
Inspired by William Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet, the story is set in the mid-1950s in the Upper West Side of New York City, then a multiracial, blue-collar neighborhood. The musical explores the rivalry between the Jets and the Sharks, two teenage street gangs of different ethnic backgrounds. The members of the Sharks, from Puerto Rico, are taunted by the Jets, a white gang.[1] The young protagonist, Tony, a former member of the Jets and best friend of the gang's leader, Riff, falls in love with Maria, the sister of Bernardo, the leader of the Sharks. The dark theme, sophisticated music, extended dance scenes, and focus on social problems marked a turning point in musical theatre.
The original 1957 Broadway production, directed and choreographed by Robbins, marked Sondheim's Broadway debut. It ran for 732 performances before going on tour. The production was nominated for six Tony Awards, including Best Musical, in 1958, winning two.[2] The show had an even longer-running West End production, a number of revivals, and international productions. A 1961 musical film adaptation, co-directed by Robert Wise and Robbins, starred Natalie Wood and Richard Beymer. The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards and won ten, including Best Picture. A 2021 film adaptation, directed by Steven Spielberg, starred Ansel Elgort and Rachel Zegler.
Carina del Valle Shorske’s New York Times essay about West Side Story, in which she argues that the new, updated version still ain’t it; and Anne Midgette’s take on Placido Domingo’s stardom, and what it means for the institution of Opera-with-a-capital-O. Also, folks should stop bothering Yuja Wang. In case you can’t figure out why, Sharon Su has you covered.
The new “West Side Story” reaffirms the tale’s indelible appeal while making it feel bold, surprising and new, A.O. Scott writes.
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