舒伯特 軍隊進行曲 Schubert 3 Marches militaires, D. 733
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grftCKTfJhU
| The Stoning of Saint Stephen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Artist | Rembrandt |
| Year | 1625 |
| Medium | Oil on oak panel |
| Dimensions | 89 cm × 123 cm (35 in × 48 in) |
| Location | Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon, Lyon |
The Stoning of Saint Stephen is the first signed painting by Dutch artist Rembrandt, painted in 1625 at the age of 19.[1] It is currently kept in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon.
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This work is inspired by the martyrdom of Saint Stephen which is recounted in Acts 7. This young deacon in the Christian community of Jerusalem was sentenced to death by stoning. The painting was influenced by the art of Caravaggio and Adam Elsheimer.[3] It represents the moment when Stephen was stoned outside the city by his many tormentors (about twenty characters), and he utters his last words to Christ as the light around him shows that the heavens are open.[4]
The painting is divided into two distinct zones with a diagonal creating an effect of chiaroscuro: on the left, a man on horseback is in the shadow, and on the right, Stephen and his persecutors are in the light. Saul of Tarsus can be seen seated in the background holding in his lap the coats of the stoners. Some inaccuracies in the drawing can be seen.[4] The character behind Stephen seems to be a self-portrait done into a wider composition, as Spanish painter Diego Velázquez did in Las Meninas.[5] John Durham suggests that Rembrandt "presents himself as a somewhat alarmed presence, a participant who may be having second thoughts about what was taking place."[6]
References
2021年12月26日，著名歷史學家、中國史學者、耶魯大學榮譽教授 #史景遷（Jonathan D. Spence）於康乃狄克州家中逝世，享年85歲。史景遷一生著作極豐，包括《追尋現代中國》、《太平天國》、《改變中國》、《天安門》、《胡若望的疑問》、《利瑪竇的記憶宮殿》、《曹寅與康熙》等等。
史景遷：「我不覺得各文化間有明顯的衝突，中國與西方文化有很多複雜的交錯點。利瑪竇對中國文化並未完全理解，卻十分重視；他受中國經典的影響，認為儒學和基督教有著極大的相似性，對道德問題都有相同的關懷，對人類文明如人口、生態等具有共通性的問題，進行平行的追求。」
Jonathan D. Spence (史景遷1936~2021)著作簡述。《中國縱橫：一個漢學家的學術探索之旅》
Jonathan Dermot Spence (11 August 1936 – 25 December 2021) was an English-born American historian, sinologist, and writer specialising in Chinese history. He was Sterling Professor of History at Yale University from 1993 to 2008. His most widely read book is The Search for Modern China, a survey of the last several hundred years of Chinese history based on his popular course at Yale. A prolific author, reviewer, and essayist, he has published more than a dozen books on China. He retired from Yale in 2008.[2]
Spence's major interest was modern China, especially the Qing Dynasty, and relations between China and the West.[5] Spence frequently used biographies to examine cultural and political history. Another common theme is the efforts of both Westerners and Chinese "to change China,"[6] and how such efforts were frustrated.[5]
Bibliography[edit]
Books[edit]
- The Search for Modern China (1990; 2nd edition, 1999; 3rd edition 2013)
- Tsʻao Yin and the Kʻang-hsi Emperor: bondservant and master (1966)[14]
- To Change China: Western Advisers in China, 1620–1960 (Boston, Little Brown, 1969).
- Emperor of China: Self-Portrait of K'ang-Hsi (1974)[15]
- The Death of Woman Wang (1978). Story situated in 17th century Tancheng.
- The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci (1984)
- The Question of Hu (New York: Knopf, 1987 ISBN 978-0-394-57190-4). Biography of John Hu 胡若望, 18th-century Chinese who came to France.
- Chinese Roundabout: Essays on History and Culture
- The Gate of Heavenly Peace: The Chinese and Their Revolution 1895–1980 (1982)
- The Chan's Great Continent: China in Western Minds
- God's Chinese Son (New York: Norton, 1996 ISBN 978-0-393-03844-6). Biography of Hong Xiuchuan, leader of Taiping Rebellion.
- Mao Zedong. Penguin Lives. New York: Viking Press. 1999. ISBN 978-0-670-88669-2. OCLC 41641238. Lay summary (6 February 2000).
- Treason by the Book (2001)
- Return to Dragon Mountain: Memories of a Late Ming Man (2007) Viking, 332 pages. ISBN 978-0-670-06357-4
Book reviews[edit]
- "The Dream of Catholic China" The New York Review of Books 54/11 (28 June 2007) : 22–24 [reviews Liam Matthew Brockey, Journey to the East: the Jesuit Mission to China, 1579–1724]
著作物[編集]
書籍[編集]
- The Search for Modern China (1990; 2nd edition, 1999; 3rd edition 2013)
- Tsʻao Yin and the Kʻang-hsi Emperor: bondservant and master (1966)[12]
- To Change China: Western Advisers in China, 1620–1960 (Boston, Little Brown, 1969).
- 日本語訳: 『中国を変えた西洋人顧問』三石善吉訳、講談社、1975年。
- Emperor of China: Self-Portrait of K'ang-Hsi (1974)[13]
- The Death of Woman Wang (1978) - 17世紀の郯城県を舞台とする物語
- 日本語訳: 『ある農婦の死 十七世紀、中国の現実と夢幻世界』山本英史訳、平凡社、1990年。ISBN 4-582-48203-1。
- The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci (1984)
- 日本語訳: 『マッテオ・リッチ 記憶の宮殿』古田島洋介訳、平凡社、1995年。ISBN 978-4582482119。
- The Question of Hu (New York: Knopf, 1987 978-0-394-57190-4) - 18世紀の中国人で、フランスを訪問した胡若望の伝記
- Chinese Roundabout: Essays on History and Culture
- The Gate of Heavenly Peace: The Chinese and Their Revolution 1895–1980 (1982)
- The Chan's Great Continent: China in Western Minds
- God's Chinese Son (New York: Norton, 1996 978-0-393-03844-6) - 太平天国の乱の首謀者洪秀全の伝記
- 日本語訳: 『神の子 洪秀全: その太平天国の建設と滅亡』佐藤公彦訳、慶應義塾大学出版会、2011年。ISBN 978-4766419061。
- Mao Zedong. Penguin Lives. New York: Viking Press. (1999). ISBN 978-0-670-88669-2. OCLC 41641238
- 日本語訳: 『毛沢東』小泉朝子訳、岩波書店 ペンギン評伝双書、2002年。ISBN 978-4000267663。
- Return to Dragon Mountain: Memories of a Late Ming Man (2007) Viking, 332 pages. 978-0-670-06357-4
- Treason by the Book (Viking, 2001) 0-14-102779-7
Sidney D. Gamble簡傳，參考：史景遷：照片：The Search for Modern China、《中國縱橫：一個漢學家的學術探索之旅‧甘博在中國》 ；《百年凝視：西方鏡頭下的變革中國，社會經濟學家甘博1917～1932記錄的歷史瞬間》。漢清講堂轉 293 妙峰山進香記(文:莊嚴; 影片:Sidney D. Gamble )莊嚴 (1899~1980) :北溝傳奇...:
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