恩多爾的招魂女巫 The Witch of Endor 聖經故事、17~20世紀在繪畫和舞蹈等領域的表現

 

恩多爾的招魂女巫 The Witch of Endor 聖經故事、17~20世紀在繪畫和舞蹈等領域的表現

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恩多爾的招魂女巫

聖經故事

The Witch of Endor is a woman who, according to the Hebrew Bible, was consulted by Saul to summon the spirit of prophet Samuel in order to receive advice against the Philistines in battle, after prior attempts to consult God through sacred lots and prophets had failed (First Book of Samuel; 1 Samuel 28:3-25).^[1] 

撒慕爾紀上:Chapter 28

http://www.ccreadbible.org/Chinese%20Bible/sigao/1_Samuel_bible_Ch_28_.html

16撒慕爾說：「上主既已離開了你，協助你的近人，你為什麼還來問我？

17上主對你實踐了他藉我所說的話：上主已由你手中奪去了王權，賜給了你的近人達味；

18因為你沒有聽從上主的話，沒有執行他對阿瑪肋克所懷的盛怒，為此，上主今天這樣對待了你。

19上主還要把以色列和你一起交在培肋舍特人手中；明日你和你的兒子要同我在一起；並且，上主也要把以色列軍隊交在培肋舍特人手中。」

20撒烏耳一聽撒慕爾的話，非常恐懼，忽然跌倒在地；又因他一日一夜沒有吃喝，一點力氣也沒有了。

21那女人就走到撒烏耳跟前，看見他很是驚慌，就對他說：「看，你的婢女聽了你的話，不顧性命，聽從了你給我說的話。

22現今你也該聽從你婢女的話：我給你拿點食物來，你吃了，好有力氣走路。」

23他卻拒絕說：「我不吃。」但是他的臣僕和那女人都勉強他，他纔聽從了他們的話，從地上起來，坐在床上。

24那女人在家裏有頭肥牛，急忙宰了，又把麵調好，烤成無酵餅，

25擺在撒烏耳和臣僕面前；他們吃了以後，當夜就起身走了。

羅浮宮選畫

L'Ombre de Samuel apparaissant à Saül chez la pythonisse d'Endor, Salvator Rosa ; 1668.

Google 英譯：The Shadow of Samuel appearing to Saul in the pythoness of Endor, Salvator Rosa; 1668.

畫師Salvator Rosa (1615 –1673) is best known today as an Italian Baroque painter, whose romanticized landscapes and history paintings, often set in dark and untamed nature, exerted considerable influence from the 17th century into the early 19th century.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvator_Rosa

Salvator Rosa
Self Portrait (ca. 1650s), oil on canvas, 75 x 62.5 cm., Detroit Institute of Art.

pythoness

 noun

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py·​tho·​ness | \ ˈpī-thə-nəs  , ˈpi-  \

Definition of pythoness

1: a woman who practices divination

2: a prophetic priestess of Apollo

Wikipedia

The Witch of Endor 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witch_of_Endor

The Witch of Endor
"The Endorian Sorceress Causes the Shade of Samuel" (Martynov, Dmitry Nikiforovich, 1857)

Witch of Endor by Adam Elsheimer

L'Ombre de Samuel apparaissant à Saül chez la pythonisse d'Endor, Salvator Rosa ; 1668.

© RMN - Grand Palais (Musée du Louvre) / Daniel Arnaudet

Saul speaking to Samuel's spirit at the Witch of Endor 1675 by Gabriel Ehinger, Städelsches Kunstinstitut.

The Witch of Endor: from the frontispiece to Saducismus Triumphatus by Joseph Glanvill.

William Blake: Saul, the shade of Samuel and the witch

Witch of Endor by Nikolai Ge, 1857

• A year after the death of his son at Loos, Rudyard Kipling wrote a poem called "En-Dor" (1919), about supposed communication with the dead.^[23] It concludes,

Oh the road to En-dor is the oldest road
And the craziest road of all!
Straight it runs to the Witch’s abode,
As it did in the days of Saul,
And nothing has changed of the sorrow in store
For such as go down on the road to En-dor!

 

• The Martha Graham Dance Company premiered The Witch of Endor in 1965 at the 54th Street Theater in New York. A one-act work, it had choreography and costumes by Martha Graham, music by William Schuman, sets by Ming Cho Lee, and lighting by Jean Rosenthal.