2023年3月2日 星期四

Microsoft 因為無法駕馭期紅AI 產品 Bing AI,只好將其關閉....洪士灝/Yann LeCun 看法 鍾漢清評論:Robert Frost的詩 "The Road Not Taken "實難;ChatGPT或引發AI 產業的馬太效應與吹牛大賽 Will A.I. be our dutiful assistant or our unstable muse?

After Microsoft's powerful AI chatbot verbally attacked people — and even compared one person to Hitler — the company has decided to rein in the technology until it works out the kinks.



 

 GPT 是“Generative Pre-Training”的简称,从名字看其含义是指的生成式的预训练。GPT 也采用两阶段过程,第一个阶段是利用语言模型进行预训练,第二阶段通过 Fine-tuning 的模式解决下游任务。它与ELMO 主要不同在于两点:特征抽取器不是用的 RNN,而是用的 Transformer;GPT 的预训练虽然仍然是以语言模型作为目标任务,但是采用的是单向的语言模型。


嘿,Microsoft 因為無法駕馭期紅AI 產品,只好將其關閉....
Microsoft flip-flops on reining in Bing AI chatbothttps://www.washingtonpost.com › 2023/02/21 › micro...
2 hours ago — The company limited longer conversations on Friday after their bot demonstrated bizarre responses to questions. By Tuesday it was already easing ...
可WSJ 先前說:微軟應用戶要求放寬必應搜索引擎使用限制
微軟周二表示,應用戶的要求,將放寬上周對其新的必應搜索引擎引入的一些限制。

 

對當前大型語言模型的看法
我一直認為單純以既有資料來訓練模型的方法雖然能做出相當有用且令人驚豔的AI,但也有相當大的限制,那就是AI模型無法真正的找到規則(rules)和進行推理(reason)。剛剛看到深度學習大神楊立昆(Yann LeCun)的貼文,也有類似的看法。
也就是說,當前的大型語言模型,只是某種填鴨式教育下產物,並沒有真正的理解對談內容中的道理,也不會透過推理來產生新的道理。它之所以很有用,主要是因為它所接受的填鴨式教育比所有人類還要厲害,所以在某些「依樣畫葫蘆」的工作上甚至會做得比人還好,因此是很好的輔助工具,但它講的東西並不見得可靠,而且它不會推導出全新的知識。
這限制恰好與上世紀末主流的AI大異其趣。發展至1990年代後停滯不前的專家系統,強調以規則進行推理,但隨便一個簡單的系統都有一大堆定義不完的規則(和例外),而且推理的複雜度在當年就算用了超級電腦也不夠力,所以就沒什麼實用性。(這也是我在大四和研一共修了三門人工智慧課之後的感想,因此當年決定「暫時」不做人工智慧的研究。)
有趣的是,楊立昆在他貼文中重複說了幾次「將來會有更好的系統」(Better systems will come)。但是要如何讓AI更上層樓 — 更加可靠、能夠推理呢?我想,更好的人工智慧系統不會只是憑著一招兩式闖蕩江湖,而是藉由某些方法集結融合各家之長共同來解決問題。當然,這樣的系統可能需要更大的算力,甚至要借助量子計算才行,還有頗多的路要走。
可能是文字的圖像




 鍾漢清評論:Robert Frost的詩 "The Road Not Taken "實難;ChatGPT或引發AI 產業的馬太效應與吹牛大賽:Ai Superpowers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order文章改進與言過其實 ( AI 的「iPhone 時刻」?) 數十年各領域的發展總結......   A Tech Race Begins :OpenAI的ChatGPT等等的挑戰與回應 微軟新Bing對Google構成威脅,但也給自己帶來風險Google has stiff competition now, after Microsoft integrated powerful A.I.       Alphabet shares fall sharply after Google’s AI chatbot debut stumbles.    Google Bard AI:Google launches ChatGPT competitor in strike at Microsoft. Meta is trying not to be left out of the boom.


https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/2440075626144208




Why you shouldn’t trust AI search engines



What makes all of this all the more shocking is that it came as a surprise to precisely no one who has been paying attention to AI language models.
Here’s the problem: the technology is simply not ready to be used like this at this scale. AI language models are notorious bullshitters, often presenting falsehoods as facts. They are excellent at predicting the next word in a sentence, but they have no knowledge of what the sentence actually means. That makes it incredibly dangerous to combine them with search, where it’s crucial to get the facts straight. 

OpenAI, the creator of the hit AI chatbot ChatGPT, has always emphasized that it is still just a research project, and that it is constantly improving as it receives people’s feedback.


The recent blunders from Big Tech don’t mean that AI-powered search is a lost cause. One way Google and Microsoft have tried to make their AI-generated search summaries  more accurate is by offering citations.


讀Robert Frost的詩 "The Road Not Taken "實難,It is a tricky poem—very tricky. 從林以亮編 《美國詩選》(今日世界)相關部分讀起





林以亮編 《美國詩選》 今日世界

Robert Frost’s poem “The Road Not Taken” is a tricky poem—very tricky.







The Road Not Taken Launch Audio in a New Window
BY ROBERT FROST
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,

And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could

To where it bent in the undergrowth;



Then took the other, as just as fair,

And having perhaps the better claim,

Because it was grassy and wanted wear;

Though as for that the passing there

Had worn them really about the same,



And both that morning equally lay

In leaves no step had trodden black.

Oh, I kept the first for another day!

Yet knowing how way leads on to way,

I doubted if I should ever come back.



I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.

n/a


評論:ChatGPT或引發AI 產業的馬太效應與吹牛大賽:文章改進與言過其實 ( AI 的「iPhone 時刻」?) 數十年各領域的發展總結...... A Tech Race Begins :OpenAI的ChatGPT等等的挑戰與回應 微軟新Bing對Google構成威脅,但也給自己帶來風險Google has stiff competition now, after Microsoft integrated powerful A.I. Alphabet shares fall sharply after Google’s AI chatbot debut stumbles. Google Bard AI:Google launches ChatGPT competitor in strike at Microsoft. Meta is trying not to be left out of the boom.




真的嗎?
「我們一直在等待這一刻。這是 AI的iPhone 的時刻。」⋯⋯黃仁勳
“OpenAl 做過的事以及其研發團隊做了什麼。
真的,這是曾經為computing 所做過的最偉大的事情之一。
我們以非常非常大的方式達成了computing的民主化。”
“Now, for a lot of people in the industry that have been working on this,
we've been waiting for this moment. This is the iPhone moment, if you will,
of artificial intelligence.
This is the time when all of the big ideas about mobile computing and all that, it all came together in a product.”
“We have done what OpenAl has done
and what the team over there has done.
Genuinely, it's one of the greatest things
that has ever been done for computing.
We have democratized computing in a very, very large way,”
在影片1:00:00最後Q&A 回答對Chat GPT的看法時,如是說。
Jensen Huang 在UC Berkeley 的HAAS Business School 談創立NVIDIA的起因和心得:
你必須有韌性才能變得偉大。
有一重點...
你可以用很多方式來形容我,
但韌性必須排在該列表的首位。
you've gotta be resilient to be great.
There's one thing...
There are a lot of ways you could describe me,
but resilient has to be on top of that list.
前面談到對創業的經驗則說:
“I was no different than you guys except less prepared.
And everything I did, I did on the job.”
談到公司的Business Plan則說:
“The truth be told, Nvidia never finished the business plan
because I never could finish it.
And I'm not really even too sure how to finish one today.”

Ben Chen

https://www.inside.com.tw/....../30712-Jensen-Huang-on......

INSIDE.COM.TW
NVIDIA 執行長黃仁勳:ChatGPT 是 AI 的「iPhone 時刻」 - INSIDE







據北青網,北京市經信局13日對外正式發布《2022年北京人工智慧產業發展白皮書》提出,形成人工智慧產業發展新突破,助力建設國際科創中心和全球數字經濟標桿城市。全面夯實人工智慧產業發展底座,支持頭部企業打造對標ChatGPT的大模型 通俗講,對標就是通過“比(行業比對)、學(標杆學習)、趕(尋找差距、追趕目標)、幫(對標夥伴)、超(追求卓越)”,以幫助企業適應迅速變化的環境中, ...


Ai Superpowers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order
https://www.amazon.com › AI-Superpowers-China-Silic...


AI Superpowers is strongest in its contrasting portraits of the Chinese high tech scene vs. the USA's Silicon Valley. Lee offers numerous real-world cases ...


中國股市熱炒ChatGPT概念,投資者應謹慎行事

Jacky Wong

這篇專欄文章不是ChatGPT寫的。至少目前還不是。但這種聊天AI工具似乎正在主宰世界,中國股市也在跟風炒作。

不過,投資者應該謹慎行事,不要操之過急。

雖然AI的政治意義在中國不同於電子商務或網絡金融,但中國畢竟剛剛走出持續數年之久的互聯網平台整頓風暴,而過於強大正是後者遭到整頓的原因之一。因此,像這種可能具有顛覆性意義的新技術,可能很快就會引起監管部門的重視。

不難想像聊天機器人會怎樣融入到科技巨擘的業務中。例如,機器人可以被用來改善百度用戶的搜尋界面,而ChatGPT起草令人信服的人類文章的能力也可以用來強化生產力工具。科技巨擘憑藉海量數據和AI研究,在利用這項新技術的潮流中可謂近水樓台。

但這類聊天機器人究竟能給企業帶來多少收入?下結論為時尚早。首先,競爭會很激烈:

監管也可能成為問題,特別是在數據安全法規很嚴格的中國。中國政府最初可能會支持這項技術,因為在AI領域占據主導地位是中國政府高度重視的一項政策。但隨著公眾開始普遍使用這項技術,監管壓力也會隨之而來。這項技術在教育等場景中的使用可能有所限制,而如果先進的聊天機器人技術開始觸及中國政府的某些痛處,比如網絡金融詐騙或政治,可以想像監管部門肯定會迅速回應。

當被要求用簡短的一句話描述跟創投資時,ChatGPT的回答是:「可能有風險,可能沒有可靠的歷史數據,可能很快失去魅力。」這一次,投資者最好理性一點,相信這句話。



關於爆火的AI聊天機械人ChatGPT,你需要了解什麼?

OpenAI的聊天機械人引發了一場新的人工智能競賽,並可能重塑未來職場。




Google表示,將推出由人工智慧驅動的新搜尋和地圖功能,包括透過圖片來提問,這是在全球競相商業化該技術的最新舉措。
中概股簡報:阿里巴巴確認類ChatGPT產品已進入內測,騰訊也有相關儲備


The knock to its stock price came as a result of a glitch in a Google AI demonstration, highlighting the challenges the company faces in bringing a new style of chat-based search to a mass market.



FT.COM
Alphabet shares fall sharply after Google’s AI chatbot debut stumbles

Bing (Yes, Bing) Just Made Search Interesting Again

Google has stiff competition now, after Microsoft integrated powerful A.I. technology into its search engine, our columnist writes.

Google responded to Microsoft’s ChatGPT by launching Bard, its own AI chatbot.
But Bard produced a factual error in an ad demo, plummeting the company’s market value by $100 billion





A Tech Race Begins as Microsoft Adds A.I. to Its Search Engine

Amid the industry’s worst slump in decades, leaders are predicting an era built on new chatbots and other types of artificial intelligence.



wsj 2023.2.9


 

獨家分析

微軟新Bing對Google構成威脅,但也給自己帶來風險

Dan Gallagher

微軟表示,它正在將最新的ChatGPT技術納入其Bing搜尋引擎和Edge網絡瀏覽器。
圖片來源:CHONA KASINGER/BLOOMBERG NEWS

微軟不一定能最終贏得人工智慧戰爭,但肯定正贏得新聞焦點爭奪戰。

這家軟體巨擘週二表示,將把最新的ChatGPT技術整合到必應(Bing)搜尋引擎和Edge網絡瀏覽器中。此舉將對話式AI工具直接引入搜尋體驗,並進一步推動微軟利用不到三個月前向公眾意外發布ChatGPT以來圍繞該聊天機器人不斷升溫的公共宣傳努力。

據瑞銀估計,ChatGPT的用戶已經超過1億。分析師Lloyd Walmsley指出,TikTok用了三倍的時間才達到這樣的規模,而Instagram用了大約10倍的時間。

週二的聲明被認為是微軟在主要競爭對手Google的地盤上對後者發起的最直接挑戰,而且並不含蓄,微軟首席執行長納德拉週二在西雅圖附近的公司總部舉辦的一場引人注目的媒體聚會上說:「我們希望在搜尋創新方面帶來很多樂趣,因為現在正是時候。」Google週三上午以自己的活動作為回應,宣布計劃在其搜尋工具中添加更多AI功能。就在幾天前,該公司推出了自己的對話式AI服務Bard。

這兩家公司多年來一直在AI領域進行投資。但最近發生的一系列事件讓Google看起來像一個被擊倒並試圖重新站穩腳跟的拳擊冠軍。據報導,去年12月,ChatGPT的迅速流行迫使Alphabet旗下的這家公司在管理人員內部宣布「紅色警戒」,就連Bard看起來也像是一個倉促的回應。CNBC週一報導,Google首席執行長皮採向公司員工發出了一份全員備忘錄,在向公眾推出Bard之前對其進行的測試中尋求他們的幫助。

該公司的最新公告也平平無奇;活動舉辦之後,Alphabet股價週三早盤下跌8%,而微軟的股價在前一個交易日上漲超過4%後,又上漲了0.5%。

Google感到擔心是應該的。與其他科技巨擘相比,微軟在挑戰Google搜尋服務的主導地位方面處於獨特的有利地位。營運世界第二大雲端運算服務使微軟擁有與Google匹敵的網絡基礎設施。微軟也是蘋果公司之外唯一一家超過Google每年產生的600億美元自由現金流的科技巨擘。微軟在搜尋業務上也已耕耘許久,2009年就推出了必應。

但搜尋市場在那之前和之後的歷史也說明了為什麼Google將很難被取代。查看本文全文內容






Microsoft Corp is revamping its Bing search engine and Edge web browser with artificial intelligence, the company said on Tuesday, in one of its biggest efforts yet to lead a new wave of technology and reshape how people gather information.


Can Bing compete with Google?



FT.COM
Microsoft declares ‘new day in search’ as it launches AI-powered Bing
Big Tech companies rush to gain ascendancy in the technol


Microsoft announced it would “reimagine” its Bing search engine with artificial intelligence at an event on its headquarters campus Tuesday, a sign the company is determined to bring AI to the masses.

Top stories



The People Onscreen Are Fake. The Disinformation Is Real.

A.I.-generated personas, often used for corporate training videos, were detected in a state-aligned information campaign for the first time, opening a new chapter in online manipulation.

5 MIN READ

Meta, long a leader in A.I., is trying not to be left out of the boom.


*****Google正在向選定的測試人員推出一項新的對話式人工智慧服,並計劃在未來幾週內更廣泛地公開推出該服務,這是該公司努力追趕OpenAI的ChatGPT等挑戰者的一部分。

Google is scrambling to respond to the threat of OpenAI’s ChatGPT by augmenting its search engine with capabilities similar to the AI chatbot.

***

百度

Chinese internet search major Baidu Inc is planning to launch an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot service similar to OpenAI's ChatGPT in March, a person familiar with the matter told Reuters.

***通過律師、MBA等考試 (勉強)

Wharton professors Christian Terwiesch and Ethan Mollick weigh in on ChatGPT and why the controversial software has limitless potential to improve education, business, and a range of industries.



***

社群導航軟體,Waze。 ChatGPT and sympathy for the algorithm.   OpenAI 資訊: a song written by ChatGPT in his style...The Idea Factory: Bell Labs and the Great Age of American Innovation.  Microsoft 投資$10 billion in OpenAI.  How OpenAI used low-paid Kenyan workers to make ChatGPT less toxic




For decades, Bell Labs was considered the hot spot for innovation, and its researchers won several Nobel Prizes and Turing Awards, including Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio, and Geoffrey Hinton. The lab’s resources were cut as management started pushing for more immediate returns based on incremental technological changes, and ultimately it failed to capitalize on the internet revolution of the early 2000s, Jon Gertner writes in his book The Idea Factory: Bell Labs and the Great Age of American Innovation.




Microsoft is said to be investing $10 billion in OpenAI, the creator of the ChatGPT chatbot.


How OpenAI used low-paid Kenyan workers to make ChatGPT less toxic
OpenAI used a Kenyan company called Sama to train its popular AI system, ChatGPT, to generate safer content. Low-paid workers sifted through endless amounts of graphic and violent content on topics such as child sexual abuse, bestiality, murder, suicide, torture, self-harm, and incest. This story is a good reminder of all the deeply unpleasant work humans have to do behind the scenes to make AI systems safe. (Time)



Nick Cave thinks a song written by ChatGPT in his style sucks 
Perfection. No comments. Chef’s kiss. (The Guardian)

INFORMALNORTH AMERICAN
be very bad or unpleasant.
"I love your country but your weather sucks"

++++
位智是一個基於GPS的導航行動軟體應用程式,其利用turn-by-turn導航以及使用者提交的出行時間和路線詳情。Waze由以色列的Waze Mobile開發,已經由Google於2013年收購。 維基百科
Google旗下最強社群導航軟體,Waze正式向台灣開車族招手
https://www.bnext.com.tw › article › social-based-mapp...


2017年11月13日 — Google旗下導航App「Waze」,和Google Maps最大的不同點在於,Waze專注服務開車族,並透過車主回饋路況,幫助導航更加準確,目前全球共有8500萬名用戶, ...


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