(德國之聲中文網)中國與歐盟的關係陷入低谷之際,習近平與歐盟最重要成員德國的政府總理通話,在分析人士看來,是在向外界傳達一個信息:雙方不希望關係繼續下行。
3月22日,歐盟、英、美、加拿大同時宣布對侵犯新疆少數族群人權的多名中方責任官員實施制裁。這是1989年天安門事件以來,歐盟首次就人權問題制裁中國。北京也立即宣布了反制裁,涉及包括學者、智庫及歐盟議會議員在內的歐盟實體和個人。
德國波恩大學全球研究中心教授、政治學者辜學武看來,這是雙邊關係的一個“戲劇性變化”,因為就在此前不久,歐盟剛剛公佈了中歐全面投資協議的文本,而該協議是雙方經過長年的談判達成的,尤其對歐盟政治具有重要意義。
歐中關係因相互制裁陷入僵局,是此次習近平與默克爾通話的背景。而選擇目前時間點,辜學武認為還有另一個因素:默克爾今年秋天大選後即將退出政壇。他舉例說,2011年開始的德中政府級磋商已舉行了5輪,今年計劃進行的新一輪對話,德方不想推的太遲。
據新華社報導,默克爾在與習近平通話時表示,德方願同中方一道籌備好新一輪德中政府磋商。德國《時代周報》援引未經證實的消息稱,磋商將於4月底舉行。
排除誰的“干擾”?
輿論分析認為,默克爾和習近平希望對急劇下滑的中歐關係做一些補救、平衡。從有關通話的報導看,雙方似乎希望突出合作交往方面的積極前景。德國表示希望盡快恢復人員往來,在抗疫、氣候變化、生物多樣性等領域加強交流合作。
一種分析認為,中國領導人希望通過默克爾在歐盟的影響力,尋求改善關係的可能性。辜學武指出,歐中關係發展中,默克爾向來扮演著推手角色,這與她執政的務實風格、理念不無關係。另外鑑於德國在歐盟內主導性的政治和經濟地位,這一解讀也是順理成章的。
習近平在通話中強調,中歐關係發展應“相互尊重,排除干擾”,“中國發展對歐盟是機遇,希望歐盟獨立作出正確判斷,真正實現戰略自主。”在北京看來,歐盟不應該受到美國的“干擾”。
但政治學者辜學武指出,中方忽略了一個重要的事實:即在對新疆政策的製裁問題上,布魯塞爾在時間上或與美國進行了協調,但在內容上,歐盟可以說是“義無反顧,而且社會支持度非常高”。德國和歐洲社會認為,在新疆發生的事情與他們的價值觀格格不入。因此做出製裁決定是出於自覺和信念,並不是受到美國的“干擾”。
Readout of President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. Call with President Xi Jinping of China
FEBRUARY 10, 2021 • STATEMENTS AND RELEASES
President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. spoke today with President Xi Jinping of China. The President shared his greetings and well wishes with the Chinese people on the occasion of Lunar New Year. President Biden affirmed his priorities of protecting the American people’s security, prosperity, health, and way of life, and preserving a free and open Indo-Pacific. President Biden underscored his fundamental concerns about Beijing’s coercive and unfair economic practices, crackdown in Hong Kong, human rights abuses in Xinjiang, and increasingly assertive actions in the region, including toward Taiwan.
德語媒體:價值觀之爭不容中立 | DW | 08.04.2021
德国《商报》认为,中国的经济雄心与军事野心相互交织,因此西方有必
Radio Free Asia Chinese 自由亚洲电台普通话
Last month, the EU, US, Canada and Britain implemented sanctions simultaneously against Chinese officials and the public security agency in Xinjiang over the treatment of ethnic Uighur Muslims in the region. It was the first time the 27-country bloc had imposed major sanctions on China since 1989.
Neither China nor Germany mentioned those sanctions in official read-outs of this week’s phone call.
Mr Xi said China was willing to share economic opportunities for foreign companies with Germany while promoting exchanges in science and technology, education, culture, and sport. He referenced next year’s 50th anniversary of the establishment of China-Germany diplomatic relations and the Beijing Winter Olympics.
“China’s development has been an opportunity for the EU and we urge the EU to make correct judgment independently and truly achieve strategic autonomy,” he said.
Without mentioning the US, Mr Xi said China and Europe should “remove distractions”. He also said China was opposed to “vaccine nationalism” and was willing to work with Germany to promote coronavirus vaccine distribution.
A German government spokeswoman said the two leaders discussed vaccine distribution, deepening economic cooperation and climate change.
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