米開朗基羅( Michelangelo, 1475~1564) 的建築：Michelangelo: God's Architect, William Wallace 聖彼得大教堂（St Peter's）、卡皮托利諾山Capitoline Hill，勞倫圖書館 Laurentian Library......等等

 米開朗基羅( Michelangelo, 1475~1564) 的建築：聖彼得大教堂（St Peter's）、卡皮托利諾山Capitoline Hill，勞倫圖書館 Laurentian Library......等等

https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/4243732122304229

Princeton University Press 

Born #OTD in 1475, #Michelangelo has inspired so many over the centuries. In Michelangelo: God's Architect, William Wallace shares Michelangelo’s final decades—and his transformation into the master architect of St. Peter’s Basilica. https://hubs.ly/Q02lJc9h0

米開朗基羅二洛多維科博納羅蒂西蒙尼（意大利：  [mikelandʒelo二lodoviːkoˌbwɔnarrɔːtiSIMONI] ; 1475 3月6日- 18 1564年2月）簡稱為米開朗基羅（英文：/ ˌ米aɪ ķ əl æ Ñ dʒ ə升oʊ，ˌ米ɪ ķ -/ ^[1]），是意大利文藝復興時期的雕塑家，畫家，建築師和詩人，出生於佛羅倫薩共和國，對西方藝術的發展產生了無與倫比的影響。他的藝術用途十分廣泛，以至於他經常被認為是原型文藝復興時期男子的有力競爭者，以及他的對手佛羅倫薩同胞萊昂納多·達·芬奇。^[2]一些學者形容米開朗基羅是他那個時代最偉大的藝術家，甚至是有史以來最偉大的藝術家。^[3] [4]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelo#Architecture

Architecture

Michelangelo's architectural commissions included a number that were not realised, notably the façade for Brunelleschi's Church of San Lorenzo in Florence, for which Michelangelo had a wooden model constructed, but which remains to this day unfinished rough brick. At the same church, Giulio de' Medici (later Pope Clement VII) commissioned him to design the Medici Chapel and the tombs of Giuliano and Lorenzo Medici.^[96] Pope Clement also commissioned the Laurentian Library, for which Michelangelo also designed the extraordinary vestibule with columns recessed into niches, and a staircase that appears to spill out of the library like a flow of lava, according to Nikolaus Pevsner, "... revealing Mannerism in its most sublime architectural form."^[97]

In 1546 Michelangelo produced the highly complex ovoid design for the pavement of the Campidoglio and began designing an upper storey for the Farnese Palace. In 1547 he took on the job of completing St Peter's Basilica, begun to a design by Bramante, and with several intermediate designs by several architects. Michelangelo returned to Bramante's design, retaining the basic form and concepts by simplifying and strengthening the design to create a more dynamic and unified whole.^[98] Although the late 16th-century engraving depicts the dome as having a hemispherical profile, the dome of Michelangelo's model is somewhat ovoid and the final product, as completed by Giacomo della Porta, is more so.^[98]

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  The vestibule of the Laurentian Library has Mannerist features which challenge the Classical order of Brunelleschi's adjacent church.

 
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  Michelangelo's redesign of the ancient Capitoline Hill included a complex spiralling pavement with a star at its centre.

 
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  Michelangelo's design for St Peter's is both massive and contained, with the corners between the apsidal arms of the Greek Cross filled by square projections.

 
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  The exterior is surrounded by a giant order of pilasters supporting a continuous cornice. Four small cupolas cluster around the dome.

米開朗基羅的建築任務包括一些尚未實現的任務，特別是布魯內萊斯基的佛羅倫薩聖洛倫索教堂的立面，米開朗基羅為此建造了木製模型，但至今仍未完成。在同一座教堂中，朱利奧·德·美第奇（Giulio de'Medici）（後來的教皇克萊門特七世）委託他設計了美第奇小教堂以及朱利亞諾和洛倫佐·美第奇墓。^[96]教皇克萊門特還委託勞倫森圖書館（Laurentian Library）負責，米開朗基羅還設計了非同尋常的前廳，柱子凹進了壁ches中，根據尼古拉斯·普夫斯納（Nikolaus Pevsner）的說法，樓梯似乎像熔岩一樣從圖書館溢出。……以其最崇高的建築形式展現了風格主義。”

1546年，米開朗基羅為Campidoglio的人行道製作了高度複雜的卵形設計，並開始為Farnese Palace設計上層建築。1547年，他開始完成聖彼得大教堂的工作，開始由Bramante設計，並由數位建築師進行了數種中間設計。米開朗基羅回到了布拉曼特（Bramante）的設計中，通過簡化和增強設計以保留更具活力和統一性的整體，從而保留了基本形式和概念。^[98]儘管16世紀晚期的版畫將圓頂描述為半球形，但米開朗基羅模型的圓頂有點像卵形，而賈科莫·德拉·波塔完成的最終產品則更是如此。^[98]

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  勞倫圖書館的前廳具有矯飾主義的特色，對布魯內萊斯基相鄰教堂的古典秩序提出了挑戰。

 
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  米開朗基羅重新設計了古老的卡皮托利諾山，其中包括一個複雜的螺旋形人行道，其中心處有一顆星星。

 
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  米開朗基羅（Michelangelo）為聖彼得大教堂（St Peter's）設計的設計既龐大又受限制，希臘十字架的兩棲臂之間的角部被方形投影所填充。

 
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  外部被巨大的壁柱所包圍，這些壁柱支撐著連續的簷口。圓頂周圍有四個小穹頂。

sacristy ：（聖堂）的更衣所；祭衣間：為舉祭者更換祭衣之所。