禮拜天美術神遊 (20) :倫敦 V & A Museum之William Morris 收藏;【漢清講堂】182 William Morris and the Kelmscott Press 201……
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“What is the meaning of life? That was all- a simple question; one that tended to close in on one with years, the great revelation had never come. The great revelation perhaps never did come. Instead, there were little daily miracles, illuminations, matches struck unexpectedly in the dark; here was one.” ― from TO THE LIGHTHOUSE By Virginia Woolf, 1927
日本語訳の全集はみすず書房から1946年以降3回、編纂・発行されたが、2009年1月現在絶版になっている。1975年から1985年の第3次の全集は、次の構成の43冊組であった。
各巻の内容は、著書の項に、原著の執筆年順に展開した。
史賓諾沙(拉迪諾語:Baruch de Spinoza,拉丁語:Benedictus de Spinoza,1632年11月24日-1677年2月21日)
史賓諾沙的著作中最偉大的莫過於《依幾何次序所證倫理學》(Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata,簡稱《倫理學》),該著作一直到史賓諾沙死後才得以發表。該書是以歐幾里得的幾何學方式來書寫的,一開始就給出一組公理以及各種公式,從中產生命題、證明、推論以及解釋。他的其他兩部重要的作品包括了《神學政治論》(拉丁文Tractatus Theologico-Politicus,英譯A Theologico-Political Treatise)和《政治論》(Tractatus Politicus)。《神學政治論》的主題是聖經批評與政治理論,而後者則只談政治理論。
偉大的恩格斯 Frederick Engels (28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895)
《恩格斯的自白》(1868年4月於倫敦)[9] :
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In 1844, in Paris, Engels met and formed his lifelong intellectual partnership with Karl Marx. Engels showed Marx his book; [2][3] convincing Marx that the working class could be the agent and instrument of the final revolution in history.
The Condition of the Working Class in England (German: Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England) is an 1845 book by the German philosopher Friedrich Engels, a study of the industrial working class in Victorian England. Engels' first book, it was originally written in German as Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England; an English translation was published in 1885. It was written during Engels' 1842–44 stay in Manchester, the city at the heart of the Industrial Revolution, and compiled from Engels' own observations and detailed contemporary reports.
After their second meeting in 1844, Karl Marx read and was profoundly impressed by the book.
In Condition, Engels argues that the Industrial Revolution made workers worse off. He shows, for example, that in large industrial cities such as Manchester and Liverpool, mortality from disease (such as smallpox, measles, scarlet fever and whooping cough) was four times that in the surrounding countryside, and mortality from convulsions was ten times as high. The overall death-rate in Manchester and Liverpool was significantly higher than the national average (1 in 32.72, 1 in 31.90 and even 1 in 29.90, compared with 1 in 45 or 46). An interesting example shows the increase in the overall death-rates in the industrial town of Carlisle was before the introduction of mills (1779–87), 4,408 out of 10,000 children died before reaching the age of five, and after their introduction, the figure rose to 4,738. Before the introduction of mills, 1,006 out of 10,000 adults died before reaching 39 years old, and after their introduction, the death rate rose to 1,261 out of 10,000.
Engels' interpretation proved to be extremely influential with British historians of the Industrial Revolution. He focused on both the workers' wages and their living conditions. He argued that the industrial workers had lower incomes than their pre-industrial peers and they lived in more unhealthy and unpleasant environments. This proved to be a very wide-ranging critique of industrialization and one that was echoed by many of the Marxist historians who studied the industrial revolution in the 20th century.[1]
Originally addressed to a German audience, the book is considered by many to be a classic account of the universal condition of the industrial working class during its time. The eldest son of a successful German textile industrialist, Engels became involved in radical journalism in his youth. Sent to England, what he saw there made him even more radical.
In 1844, in Paris, Engels met and formed his lifelong intellectual partnership with Karl Marx. Engels showed Marx his book; [2][3] convincing Marx that the working class could be the agent and instrument of the final revolution in history.[4][5]
W. O. Henderson and W. H. Chaloner, who edited a recent edition of The Condition of the Working Class in England, say that the book was based on incomplete evidence but that it established Engels's reputation among socialists.[6]
再讀楚戈的〈將夜〉詩畫(1984);《可思莫思花》許世旭譯,楚戈插畫,1964/1978
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楚戈以"上士階退伍,只淂一紙"戰士授田證"--20世紀蔣介石之大發明。
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2月1日 反思錄 0201 2021 及Facebook 動態回顧 2021
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再讀楚戈的〈將夜〉詩畫(1984);《可思莫思花》許世旭譯,楚戈插畫,1964/1978
https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/4161788160498626
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楚戈以"上士階退伍,只淂一紙"戰士授田證"--20世紀蔣介石之大發明。
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Below: H. Matisse, Souvenir d'Océanie
顏水龍(1903~1997)及臺灣工藝等
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2021
圓仁(794年 - 864年)《入唐求法巡禮記》的利用:陳舜臣〈旅行記〉中讀的看法可靠嗎?八月十五日何時成中秋節? 白居易(772~846)的詩
直播:https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/4161584997185609
此文:https://hcmemory.blogspot.com/2021/01/772846794-864.html
圓仁(794年 - 864年)的漢文著作《入唐求法巡禮記》是著名的書。ˋ
20世紀上半葉,像達等學者用它討論唐朝佛教的"俗講"等傳統。
賴世和將它英譯出版,取得哈佛ㄤ大學的博士學位。
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圓仁(794年 - 864年)《入唐求法巡禮記》的利用:陳舜臣〈旅行記〉中讀的看法可靠嗎?八月十五日何時成中秋節? 白居易(772~846)的詩
直播:https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/4161584997185609
此文:https://hcmemory.blogspot.com/2021/01/772846794-864.html
圓仁(794年 - 864年)的漢文著作《入唐求法巡禮記》是著名的書。ˋ
20世紀上半葉,像達等學者用它討論唐朝佛教的"俗講"等傳統。
賴世和將它英譯出版,取得哈佛ㄤ大學的博士學位。
陳舜臣〈旅行記〉(收入《愛嘮叨的幸兵衛》85~90)中,讀圓仁(794年 - 864年)《入唐求法巡禮記》,知道唐朝在冬至前夜,徹夜"狂歡慶祝"。然而,圓仁的日記中,完全沒提八月十五日的中秋節,可見中秋節習俗之建立,是更晚之後的事了.......
我認為這種說法過分武斷。我們從本文所附的白居易(772~846)的二首詩可知,八月十五日,起碼在文人,是"玩月"的日子。
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朝代:唐代
作者:白居易
原文:
1 月31日 反思錄 0131 2021 及Facebook 動態回顧 2021
2021
清少納言『枕草子』第一段「春は曙」漢譯:周作人:四時的情趣;林文月:春曙為最
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